small groups, around 12 students at a time, and are intensive, meeting
for four hours per day for one month. Each four-hour class, according
to Bancroft (1978), consists of three parts:
1.
Review, done via traditional conversations, games, plays, etc. It
may include some exercises and error correction, but does not include
the use of a language lab or pattern drill.
2.
Presentation of new material. New material is introduced in the
form of dialogues based on situations familiar to the students.
Bancroft notes that "new material is presented in a somewhat
traditional way, with the necessary grammar and translation" (p.
170). The dialogues are very long. According to Bushman and
Madsen (1976), they run from 10 to 14 pages.
3.
This portion is the "truly original feature" of Suggestopedia
(Bancroft, p. 170), and is itself divided into two parts. In the first
part, the active seance, the dialogue is read by the teacher, while
students follow the text and engage in deep and rhythmic Yoga
breathing. These activities are co-ordinated: "In accordance with
the students' breathing, the teacher reads the language materials
in the following order and with the following timing: Bulgarian
(L1) translation (two seconds); foreign language phrase (four
seconds); pause (two seconds). While the foreign language
phrase is being read, the students retain their breath for four seconds,
look at the appropriate part of the text, and mentally repeat
to themselves the given phrase or word-group in the FL.
Concentration is greatly promoted by the retention or suspension
of breath" (Bancroft, p. 171).
The second part, labelled the passive or convert part of the seance,
involves music. The central activity is the teacher's reading of the
dialogue "with an emotional intonation" (Bancroft, p. 171).
The students, "with eyes closed, meditate on the text" while baroque
music is played. The musical selections are specifically chosen to contribute
to a "state of relaxation and meditation... that is necessary for
unconscious absorption of the language materials" (Bancroft, p. 172).
In discussing adaptions of the Sofia method, Bancroft notes that
"three elements of the Lozanov Method are considered essential for
the system to work effectively: (1) an attractive classroom (with soft
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